ES08

Working Draft of Learning Objectives: Students will be able to...

 * Analyze and describe the layers of the Earth.
 * Explain what causes natural radioactivity and the benefits.
 * Explain the impact of natural processes that impact the environment.
 * Identify and describe the causes and effects of plate tectonics.
 * Examine the types of geological features associated with the plate tectonic boundaries.
 * Examine tools used to predict and monitor the changing Earth's surface.
 * Analyze and construct structures resistant to a natural disaster.

Working Draft of Essential Learning Activities/Strategies/Technologies

 * Layering and Density
 * Radioactivity and Magma (measuring background radiation)
 * Demonstrating Tectonic Activity (Clay Simulations/ Icing-Graham-Fruit Roll Cracker Activity)
 * Simulating Monitoring Technology
 * Modelling Building Techniques (D-Town)

Resource Materials:
http://science.howstuffworks.com/volcano.htm http://science.howstuffworks.com/earthquake.htm http://science.howstuffworks.com/tsunami.htm [|USGS Education] [|Online Earthquake Simulation(Data-Rich)] [|Read Seismograms to Estimate Epicenter and Magnitude of an Earthquake]: Very Good!


 * Text- Science Spectrum** Ch 19.1 Plate Tectonics & Earth Structure; 19.2 Volcanoes & Earthquakes; p 201 Background Radiation

The Eruption of Mount St. Helens! (IMAX) Good images, easy to ignore http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning Online Tectonic Simulations Online Volcano & Earthquake Videos [|Earthquake Investigation Lesson Plan] (using blocks and rubber bands)

Instructional Objectives:
//Analyze and describe the layers of the Earth.//
 * Earth Layers (Density/Radioactivity)
 * Earth Structure--Core. Mantle, Crust, Different Densities (Layered Liquids)

//Explain what causes natural radioactivity and the benefits.//
 * Natural Radioactivity--Provides energy for magma (Measure rock radiation)

//Identify and describe the causes and effects of plate tectonics.// //Examine the types of geological features associated with the plate tectonic boundaries.//
 * Tectonic Plates: Continental and Oceanic (Different densities) (Demonstrate with clay)
 * Earthquakes (Plates Slipping/Transform Boundaries)
 * Mountains (Plates Colliding/Convergent Boundaries)
 * Volcanoes (Plates Subducting/Convergent Boundaries)
 * Trenches & Valleys (Plates Receding/Divergent Boundaries)

//Examine tools used to predict and monitor the changing Earth's surface.//
 * Monitoring/Prediction Technology (sonar, motion sensors, gas sensors, thermal monitoring, hydrology, etc.)

//Explain the impact of natural processes that impact the environment.//
 * seasonal change, catastrophic events

//Analyze and construct structures resistant to a natural disaster.//


 * [|Building Structures Web quest]Cool engineering website on building, dams and such
 * Building/Planning Decisions (Mini D-Town? Earthquake Testing of SpagDot)

Essential Learning Activities/Strategies/Technologies:
Make a Seismograph Tectonic Plate Movement Activity Background Radiation Seismic Activity with Modeling Clay Plates

Supplementary Learning Activities/Strategies/Technologies:
D-TOWN--Building for disasters

Technology Integration:
[|Lesson Plans for EarthQuake Activity] [|Make a Quake Activity-(cool)]

Prior Learning (from S8 Anchors):
S8.B.3.2 Identify evidence of change to infer and explain the ways different variables may affect change in natural or human-made systems. S8.D.1.1 Describe constructive and destructive natural processes that form different geologic structures and resources.
 * S8.B.3.2.1 Use evidence to explain factors that affect changes in populations (e.g., deforestation, disease, land use, natural disaster, invasive species).
 * S8.B.3.2.2 Use evidence to explain how diversity affects the ecological integrity of natural systems.
 * S8.B.3.2.3 Describe the response of organisms to environmental changes (e.g., changes in climate, hibernation, migration, coloration) and how those changes affect survival.
 * S8.D.1.1.1 Explain the rock cycle as changes in the solid earth and rock types found in Pennsylvania (igneous – granite, basalt, obsidian, pumice; sedimentary – limestone, sandstone, shale, coal; and metamorphic – slate, quartzite, marble, gneiss).
 * S8.D.1.1.2 Describe natural processes that change Earth’s surface (e.g., landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, mountain building, new land being formed, weathering, erosion, sedimentation, soil formation).
 * S8.D.1.1.3 Identify soil types (i.e., humus, topsoil, subsoil, loam, loess, and parent material) and their characteristics (i.e., particle size, porosity, and permeability) found in different biomes and in Pennsylvania, and explain how they formed.
 * S8.D.1.1.4 Explain how fossils provide evidence about plants and animals that once lived throughout Pennsylvania’s history (e.g., fossils provide evidence of different environments).