ER


 * [[image:Anchor_Understandings.png link="ER#Understandings"]] || [[image:Anchor_Prior.png link="ER#Prior"]] || [[image:Anchor_Objectives.png link="ER#Objectives"]] || [[image:Anchor_Essential.png link="ER#Essential"]] || [[image:Anchor_Supplemental.png link="ER#Supplemental"]] || [[image:Anchor_Document.png link="ER#Document"]] ||

Overview
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Enduring Understandings

 * Modern technology depends on energy resources and materials found on Earth.
 * Economic and environmental issues can influence the choice of resources.

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Prior Learning (from S8 Anchors)
S8.C.2.2 Compare the environmental impact of different energy sources chosen to support human endeavors. S8.D.1.1 Describe constructive and destructive natural processes that form different geologic structures and resources. S8.D.1.2 Describe the potential impact of human- made processes on changes to Earth’s resources and how they affect everyday life.
 * S8.C.2.2.1 Describe the Sun as the major source of energy that impacts the environment.
 * S8.C.2.2.2 Compare the time span of renewability for fossil fuels and the time span of renewability for alternative fuels.
 * S8.C.2.2.3 Describe the waste (i.e., kind and quantity) derived from the use of renewable and nonrenewable resources and their potential impact on the environment.
 * S8.D.1.1.1 Explain the rock cycle as changes in the solid earth and rock types found in Pennsylvania (igneous – granite, basalt, obsidian, pumice; sedimentary – limestone, sandstone, shale, coal; and metamorphic – slate, quartzite, marble, gneiss).
 * S8.D.1.1.2 Describe natural processes that change Earth’s surface (e.g., landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, mountain building, new land being formed, weathering, erosion, sedimentation, soil formation).
 * S8.D.1.1.3 Identify soil types (i.e., humus, topsoil, subsoil, loam, loess, and parent material) and their characteristics (i.e., particle size, porosity, and permeability) found in different biomes and in Pennsylvania, and explain how they formed.
 * S8.D.1.1.4 Explain how fossils provide evidence about plants and animals that once lived throughout Pennsylvania’s history (e.g., fossils provide evidence of different environments).
 * S8.D.1.2.1 Describe a product’s transformation process from production to consumption (e.g., prospecting, propagating, growing, maintaining, adapting, treating, converting, distributing, disposing) and explain the process’s potential impact on Earth’s resources.
 * S8.D.1.2.2 Describe potential impacts of human-made processes (e.g., manufacturing, agriculture, transportation, mining) on Earth’s resources, both nonliving (i.e., air, water, or earth materials) and living (i.e., plants and animals).

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Learning Objectives: Working Draft

 * Analyze the composition, structure, origin, and formation of rocks and minerals.
 * Explain the processes involved in extracting natural resources, including economic issues and environmental impact.
 * Investigate the abundance/scarcity of various natural resources.
 * Contrast renewable and non-renewable energy resources.
 * Discuss the economic factors and environmental impact of using different energy resources.
 * Discuss the economic issues involved in aquiring, conserving, and recycling natural resources.

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Essential Learning Activities/Strategies/Technology: Working Draft

 * Rock Classifications ([|Crayons], Snickers)
 * Energy Futures Simulation ([|PowerUpGame], [|Energyville], [|PowerUpSim])
 * Energy Resource Study ([|Interactive Map])
 * Mining Simulation ([|Cookie Mining])
 * Life Cycle of Everyday Objects ([|Pencil, Light Bulb, Paper, Electronics])
 * Energy Distribution Study ([|PowerGridApplet])

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Supplemental Resources
[] Compares the impact of various energy sectors to power a city [] [] [] [] [] [|Mining- Dept. of Environmental Protection] []

[|Rock Cycle Sim Lab(new).doc] Mini Lesson on how to determine classification of a mineral

[|Formation of Rock] Annual US Energy Review, 2008 Data, Trends History of Energy in the US US Energy Information Administration EIA Energy Kids The HOMER energy modeling software is a powerful tool for designing and analyzing hybrid power systems, which contain a mix of conventional generators, cogeneration, wind turbines, solar photovoltaics, hydropower, batteries, fuel cells, hydropower, biomass and other inputs.

[] Online Resource Mapping Online Supply/Demand Trends Google Earth Tours of Mining Locations
 * Text- Science Spectrum** CH 19.3 Rock & Minerals; Ch 21.2 Natural Resources

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Embedded Curriculum Document
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